Full Length Research Article
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Carotid artery Disease Assessed by Color Doppler Flow Imaging: Comparison Between Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients
Hamna Areej*, Syed Muhammad Yousaf Farooq, Naveed Asad, Mehreen Fatima, Areeba Mahmood, Ume Kalsoom Attique, M. Usama Tahir, Haq Nawaz Khan
Adv. life sci., vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 66-71, March 2023
*- Corresponding Author: Hamna Areej (Email: hamnaareej6@gmail.com)
Authors' Affiliations
Abstract
Introduction
Methods
Results
Discussion
References
Abstract
Background: Carotid artery disease is most often seen in hypertensive patients and in patients with diabetes mellitus. More than 50% stenosis of extra cranial internal carotid arteries is linked with about 8–15% of ischemic strokes. The incidence of carotid artery stenosis (CAS) among diabetic patients is rising as compared to non-diabetic patients.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on 120 patients, out of whom 60 were diabetic and 60 non-diabetics with clinically suspected carotid artery disease. The study was conducted at the university ultrasound clinic in Green Town by Doppler ultrasonography using the Toshiba XARIO XG, which features a linear probe of 5-7.5 MHz frequency. The data was analyzed with the help of SPSS version 25.0. Variables like age, gender, diabetes, and Intima-media thickness (IMT) were reported and the mean ± standard deviation of Pulsatility Index, Resistive Index, Peak Systolic Velocity, and End Diastolic Velocity were calculated with a significant p-value, which is less than 0.05. An independent t-test was applied to compare Doppler indices in diabetic and non-diabetic subjects.
Results: Data was collected from 120 patients. IMT of right and left carotid artery, PI and RI of right carotid were observed to be statistically significant in diabetic and non-diabetic.
Conclusions: This study concluded that there is a significant correlation found between carotid artery disease and diabetes. Through ultrasonography, the presence of plaque and stenosis was found in more diabetic patients than in non-diabetic patients.
Keywords: Ultrasonography; Carotid artery disease; Carotid artery stenosis; Carotid plaque; Vascular ultrasound; Diabetes
Retraction Note
24 Sept 2025: The Editor-in-Chief has retracted this article due to the below mentioned scientific deficiencies revealed by an internal audit.
1. The paper reports that two study groups had the exact same mean and standard deviation for a key variable, yet simultaneously claims that the difference between these identical values was highly statistically significant. This is a mathematically impossible contradiction and constitutes clear evidence of a major error in the data or the analysis.
2. The paper consistently reports blood flow velocities as negative numbers, which is scientifically incorrect and demonstrates a fundamental lack of understanding of the data being presented.
The authors have not responded to correspondence regarding this retraction.
