Methods: The concentration of heavy metals Nickel, Cadmium, Cobalt, Copper and Chromium in ten different types of vegetables collected from selected sites survey were analyzed using tri-acid method for atomic absorption spectrometer.

Results: The results showed that concentrations of all analyzed heavy metals were significantly (P≤ 0.05) different, except values of copper in collected vegetable samples. The average concentration ranged from 5.4 – 44.06 ppm of Cobalt, 5.7 – 9.63 ppm of Copper, 4.49 – 11.13 ppm of Cadmium, 4.59 – 33.77 ppm of Chromium and 8.58 – 13.68 ppm of Nickel. Mean concentrations of metals were found in following sequence Copper < Cadmium < Nickel < Chromium < Cobalt.

Conclusion: It was concluded that vegetables can accumulate high concentrations of Cobalt and Chromium while Nickel,  Cadmium and Copper concentrates in low amount,  from which level of chromium and cadmium surpasses the permissible limits by FAO/WHO especially in underground vegetables (Onion and Radish), which could be the cause of serious health issues. Hence, monitoring and assessment of contaminants in vegetables are periodically needed and public safety measures should be imposed.. 

Methods: The bacteria were isolated using standard microbiological procedures. The isolates' oil degrading activity was evaluated on Bushnell Haas medium enhanced with 2% petroleum hydrocarbons (petrol, diesel, crude oil and kerosene). Biosurfactant activity was determined using the drop collapse test, oil spread assay, foaming property, and emulsification activity (E24). Biosurfactant-producing isolates were identified using molecular and morphological techniques, as well as biochemical and biochemical assays. Using universal primers, the isolates' hypervariable 16SrRNA region was amplified and sequenced.

Result: Bacillus paramycoides strain OFOa and Clostridium punense strain OFOb were discovered as the two (2) bacterial isolates with high biodegradation and biosurfactant generating activities in this study. Their sequences had since been submitted to GenBank, with accession numbers MN700654 and MN700653, respectively.

Conclusion: As bio-emulsifiers and biosurfactant makers, the strains of these two (2) bacteria identified in this investigation could be used in bioremediation of hydrocarbon-polluted locations. 

Methods: This scenario needs natural treatments that are cost-effective and has no adverse effects. Flaxseed oil can be used as a nutraceuticals for the management of cancer. The current research was aimed on the exploration of the flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) oil for in vitro anticancer activity as a natural therapy for the management of cancer. 

Result: The flaxseed powder contained 36.6±0.04% oil contents with an average yield of 36.6±0.03% by using hexane as solvent for extraction. Moreover, the oil contained polyunsaturated fatty acid with omega 3 fatty acid (alpha-linolenic acid) as a dominant content of the oil. In-vitro anticancer activity of flaxseed oil was observed by Cytotoxic (3T3 cell line) and Prostate Cancer (PC3 cell line) indicating that the oil possessed anticancer activity which was dose-dependent.

Conclusion: On the basis of results, it was concluded that the flaxseed or its oil can be used for the management of cancer as a natural therapy by using optimized dose levels for a different types of cancer. 

Methods: At 45 weeks of age, hatching eggs (n=930) from a commercial broiler breeder flock were gathered as well as classified into 3 groups of egg weight: short (60.25±0.25g), medium (65.10 ± 0.31g), and large (70.07 ± 0.61g). These eggs more classified into 2 groups i.e., egg quality parameters and incubation & post hatch performance metrics. Eggs for performance measures related to incubation and post hatch as well as eggs for quality factors are two further categories into which these eggs are divided.

Result: The proportion of shell weight was higher in the eggs obtained from small egg group. The size of the eggs had an effect on the shape index and specific gravity, with larger eggs having lower values. Both male and female chicks' weight and length were significantly influenced by egg size. Data of the body weight gain indicated that as broilers age increases, impact of egg weight on post-hatch performance of chicks’ decreases. Up until age 21, female chicks' body weight gain was highly influenced by egg size. The female chicks' feed conversion ratio at day 21 of life was considerably impacted by various egg-weight categories, while it had no effect on male and female chicks at day 35.

Conclusion: Egg size favorably influenced the features of the chicks (weight and length) but without any impact on feed consumption, conversion ratio & mortality or ultimate overall live weight of the broilers. 

Methods: In this descriptive-cross-sectional study, all patients referred to the endoscopy unit of Shohadaye Ashayer Hospital in Khorramabad city for endoscopy during 2015–2016 were included. Referees with atrophic gastritis were classified as patients, while those without the condition were classified as the control group. Then, the frequency of H. pylori infection in patients with atrophic gastritis and people without atrophic gastritis was investigated. After sample collection, the primary data was entered into the SPSS software version 22 for analysis.

Result: The collected results showed that 2121 patients (41%) did not have H. pylori and 3053 patients (59%) had H. pylori. The population over 50 years old had the highest age frequency in the study subjects, while the female group had the highest gender frequency. As a result, the frequency of H. pylori in the antrum area was higher than in other locations in both endoscopy and pathology, but it was not statistically significant (P value >0.05). 54.1% of those who had endoscopy-discovered atrophy also had severe atrophy. H. pylori was found in the antrum in 50% of cases, and in 61.1% of cases when the pathology showed atrophy. This finding was statistically significant (P value <0.05).The incidence of reporting atrophy was 2.8 times higher in the age group of over 50 compared to those under 20. H. pylori was detected in 56.4% of people over 50 who had atrophy; that was statistically significant.

Conclusion: According to the results, there is a significant risk of developing atrophic gastritis in patients with H. pylori, and among females, those over 50 years old have the highest frequency of occurrence. 

Methods: This is prospective gender and age matched case-control study of HCV genotype-3a infected individuals taking sofosbuvir-ribavirin treatment. Patient CBC, viral RNA, liver function test, and ribavirin dose reduction were recorded monthly. ITPApolymorphisms-rs1127354 were determined and confirmed by restriction fragment length polymorphism and sanger sequencing. Effects of polymorphism on hemoglobin level, ribavirin dose and treatment outcome were analyzed.

Results: ITPA rs1127354-CC genotype patients experience significant reduction in level of Hb leading to ribavirin dose reduction. Low mean Hb levels were observed in these individuals at first and last month of treatment. No statistical difference was observed in adverse effects on basis of ITPA genotype except fever. Age, BMI, and ITPA genotype rs1127354-CC were independently associated (p< 0.05) with a decrease in Hb level ≥ 2g/dl below the baseline and ribavirin dose reduction. All patients with rs1127354 CA-genotype achieve SVR.

Conclusion: Pretreatment determination of ITPA polymorphism can further optimize HCV treatment with new direct-acting antivirals. ITPA rs1127354-CA has a protective role against ribavirin-associated anemia development and individualized management of ribavirin dose and along with the achievement of better SVR rates. 

Methods: Soil samples were collected from TienPhong Forestry Ltd. Company, ThuyXuan District, ThuaThien Hue province, Vietnam. Potential agar degrading bacteria were screened on a mineral salt agar medium. The isolate was identified based on 16S rRNA nucleotide sequence, morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics. Agarase production was evaluated by modification culture conditions including incubation time, shaking speed, and initial inoculum size. Molecular mass of extracellular agarase was determined by native SDS-PAGE. The effect of pH, temperature, metal ions, and organic solvents were conducted for enzyme characterization. Application of enzyme was investigated on seaweed saccharification.

Result: An agar degrading bacterial strain was isolated from soils and identified as Bacillus sp. AT6. Maximal agarase accumulation obtained in the culture containing an inoculum size of 10% (v/v), shaking speed of 210 rpm, and 96 hours incubation. The agarase revealed a single band on zymogram analysis with an apparent molecular weight of 180 kDa. The optimal temperature and pH were 40°C and pH 8.0, respectively. All tested metal ions and organic solvents partially decreased enzyme activity. Treatment seaweed by agarase resulted in reducing sugars release present in the reaction, indicating the saccharification of seaweed was succeeded.

Conclusion: Bacillus sp. AT6 is a new report of agarolytic bacteria that produces extracellular agarase enzymes. The present results promise strain AT6 is a great candidate for agar saccharification for industrial application. 

Methods: Pot experiments were carried out at completely random manner, with 10-12 seeds grown in each pot with three replicates. Seeds and seedlings in pots treated with different concentrations of As and As+Ser. After a 21-days of germination period, we gathered the growth-related parameters (root number, root length, shoot length, and leaf number) and conducted a biochemical analysis.

Results: The growth of selected plants was adversely impacted by Arsenic stress, whereas the detrimental impact was minimal after treatments with Serine. Compression of the selected crops showed that Abelmoschus esculentus L. had the most detrimental impact on agronomic parameters. Biochemical constituents such Chlorophyll “a” “b”, Total-chlorophyll (Photosynthetic pigments), protein and carotenoid contents formation were reduced at individual treatments of As (25, 50, 75 and 100pmm) compared to As+Ser and control treatment, while the proline contents were increased considerably at treatment 100 ppm (As) of the selected crops.

Conclusion: The results showed that As had a greater negative impact on growth and biochemical constituents, whereas Ser had a reduced adverse impact on selected crops. Abelmoschus esculentus L. had a higher sensitivity compared to other selected crops. 

Methods: The experiments were carried out on white outbred mice and outbred rats of the Wistar line. The authors conducted a study of acute and chronic toxicity and the local irritant effect of the pine tree energy feed additive. In the experiments, the authors did not establish gender-related differences in the sensitivity of animals to the toxic effect of the preparation.

Results: As a result of the conducted studies on white outbred mice, it was found that with a single intragastric injection of the feed additive, it was a relatively harmless substance. Besides, with repeated intragastric administration of the pine tree energy feed additive to outbred rats in subtoxic doses, no significant defects of the functional state of the main organs and systems of the body were observed.

Conclusion: The findings suggest that the pine tree energy feed additive is relatively harmless, thus supporting its safe use. No significant toxicity or irritant effects were observed in the test subjects, making it a viable option for feeding purposes. 

Methods: The study included 117 dogs older than 12 months, none of them had received heartworm vaccinations, and all of them lived in their owners’ houses for at least 9 months. Animal ethics instructions were followed after the owner’s consent was obtained.  Physical and biochemical examinations were conducted including the examination of circulating antigens of microfilaria. The levels of anti-inflammatory IL10 and pro-inflammatory IL17, IL4, and IFN-γ were measured using ELISA tests. Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate the prevalence and the clinical and immunological results of the study.

Results: Canine heartworm disease prevalence was 29.05% (34 out of 117). The physical examination showed normal vital signs for both infected and non-infected dogs. A significant elevation in the total WBC count was noticed in the infected group.  On the other hand, a significant decrease in RBCs count and hemoglobin was found in the infected group. There were neither changes in the platelet count nor the liver enzymes concentration between infected and non-infected groups.  A significant increase in anti-inflammatory interleukin 10 level and a significant decrease in pro-inflammatory IL17, IL4, and IFN-γ were noticed in the infected dogs.

Conclusion: It is concluded that dirofilariasis infection is considered to be a serious life-threatening disease for dogs in Iraq. Therefore, a periodic test for heartworm infection every six months is recommended to eradicate heartworm infestations. The infected animals must be treated according to the American Heartworm Association recommendations. 

Methods: 300 Ross 308 broiler chicks, one day old and unsexed, A cohort of chicks, possessing an average mass of 40 g, were subjected to random allocation into five distinct treatments. Each treatment was replicated thrice, with each replicate consisting of 20 chicks. and given mix-oil in their drinking water from day one: T1: control. T2: 0.25 ml MIX-OIL L-1, T3: 0.50, T4: 0.75, T5: 1. The experimental birds received 28–35–28 c.

Results: Treatment T5 and all addition treatments outperformed the control treatment in live weight (p < 0.01). Total weight gain was significantly better for treatment T5 (p < 0.01) than T1 and T4, but not significantly different. T3, T2.

• The total consumption rate was much higher (p < 0.01). The T3 therapy outperformed all other added therapies.
• The T5 treatment had a "significant" improvement in total feed conversion coefficient (p < 0.01) over the T4 treatment, but not the control treatment.
• The addition treatments had 11.66% fewer deaths than the control treatment (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: High temperatures can reduce spent feed, increase the growth of harmful bacteria, and infect the digestive system, affecting broiler performance. However, adding a balanced mixture of highly concentrated fatty acids can reduce bacteria growth and numbers, increasing intestinal cell activity and surface area. It enhances nutrition uptake and boosts broiler output in heat stress. 

Methods: It is a two-arm, open-label, randomized clinical trial that was carried out at Bahria International Hospital in Lahore, Pakistan. PCR-positive, hospitalized patients older than 18 years old, all sexes, and in the critical to life-threatening stage were included. 52 patients were placed in control group A and 67 patients were placed in intervention group B out of a total 119 patients who were randomly assigned to both arms. Before and after the intervention, lab tests were conducted in both groups. Aprepitant, a neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist, was additionally administered to the other arm while the other arm got standard therapy and care. Additionally, both groups received oral administration of the corticosteroid dexamethasone.

Results: Patients in group A were on average 56.05 years old, compared to 58.1 years old in group B. There were 24 women in group A and 28 in group B, while there were 28 men and 39 women in group A. Group A had three critical cases, but group B had six. The reduction in C-reactive protein in the intervention group, improvement in platelet count in group B, and normalization of ferritin and LDH levels in group B all indicated decreased inflammation in the biochemical and haematological parameters in both groups. However, because of the reduced sample size, it wasn't very significant.

Conclusion: The results of this recent trial provide a solid indication of Aprepitant's medicinal potential. Patients who got a combined therapy of dexamethasone and aprepitant had better clinical results, more favourable lab results, and lower levels of C-reactive protein, an inflammatory marker. 

Methods: This study was conducted at Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, for six months on 60 female albino rats divided in 05 groups. The effects of Physalis peruviana fruits and tamoxifen on complete blood count in dimethylbenz(a)anthracene induced breast cancer were assessed. Blood samples were collected at weeks 1, 5, 7, and 10 for hematological changes before, during, and after treatment.

Result: Rats of group E (Tumor-induced albino rats treated with the extracts of Physalis Peruviana and tamoxifen) gave the best results compared to other groups. In this group, increases in weight along with an improvement in hematological parameters were observed when compared with others.

Conclusion: The extract from Physalis Peruviana helps in the reversal of pancytopenia with anemia and thrombocytopenia caused by tumor-inducing drugs.

Methods: The survey was conducted during June-August 2021 to analyses knowledge, causes, and practices of self-medication in Pakistan. The Chi-square test was used to examine the relationships between the categorical variable: The Pearson Correlation coefficient determined the relationship between quantitative variables. Age, gender, marital status, education, profession, field, knowledge, causes and practice of SM were variables included in survey.

Result: 203 responses were received in the online survey and results from demographic factors were 104 (51.7%) male, 114(56.7%) single, 20-30 years (42.3%) age group, 44.8% were MS/M. Phil, 31.3% were teacher and 74.1% respondents belongs to the bioscience field. 20.4% considered it good practice while 42.3% responded to it as an acceptable practice. Quarantine was the most significant factor for SM during COVID-19 (68.7%). Discrimination after infection (37.8%) was also of higher priority and SM practiced under the influence of friends and social media, emergency illness, distance to hospitals (19.9%), and prescribed by medical personnel in a health facility (31.3%) followed by own self (22.9%), 19.9% by a friend, and 15.4% by pharmacist. 52.7% used self-prescribed antibiotics with the appearance of symptoms of fever, chills, and tiredness (37.30%).

Conclusion: This population-based survey suggested that legislation, awareness campaigns, media, community, and government should play their part to fight misinformation about alleged COVID-19 preventive medicines on different platforms. 

Methods: A comparative study was conducted in Egypt and Sudan to determine the population genetic structure of Anopheles pharoensis species based on chromosomal inversion of karyotypes. Fourth-stage larvae of Anopheles pharoensis were collected from Egypt (Faiyoum government) and from Sudan (Khartoum, Gezira and Sennar states).

Result: Significant levels of differentiation were observed among the species studied.

Conclusion: Investigations suggest that Anopheles pharoensis species collected from Egypt can transmit malaria due to the presence of an inversion in the X-chromosome. The lack of the aforementioned inversion probably prevented the transmission of malaria by Anopheles pharoensis in Sudan. The results above provide insight into malaria transmission patterns by Anopheles pharoensis. However, more needs to be done and hence it is recommended to undergo further research on genetics and morphological studies using molecular biological tool son Anopheles pharoensis in Sudan. 

Methods: Antibiotic-resistant bacteria were isolated through the disk diffusion method. Gram staining was done for morphological identification. For molecular identification, the 16s rDNA PCR amplification was done with universal primers.

Results: The strain BC1 was found resistant to ampicillin (10μg/ml), and cefixime (5μg/ml). While, susceptible to kanamycin (30μg/ml), azithromycin (15μg/ml) and intermediate in response to amoxicillin (30μg/ml). The strain BC2 was resistant to ampicillin (10μg/ml), cefixime (5μg/ml) and kanamycin (30μg/ml). While, Susceptible to amoxicillin (30μg/ml), and intermediate in response to azithromycin (15μg/ml). The strains were also found resistant to heavy metals.

Conclusion: The recent investigation on bacterial strains from hospital effluent found interesting candidates for understanding the AMR bacteria and developing novel active biomolecules to combat the antibiotics problem. The isolated strains could be a source of novel resistant genes however; a comprehensive molecular analysis is needed for advanced studies. 

Methods: The bark of C. verum procured from the market was subjected to hydro-distillation procedure for extraction of the essential oil. The extracted essential oil was subjected to in-vitro evaluation in terms of percent sporulation and oocysts damage at six different concentrations (0.31, 0.625, 1.25, 2.5, 5 and 10% v/v). Similarly, for the in-vivo trial, 72 broiler chicks were randomly divided into six equal groups (A, B, C, D, E and F). The first five groups were infected with oocysts of mixed Eimeria species while the sixth group was kept as non-infected. When the chicks were 14 days old, the infected groups were orally given 55000 oocysts per bird. On the same day 14, the groups A, B and C were given C. verum essential oil at concentrations of 1, 2 and 3% respectively in feed whereas groups D, E and F served as positive control (Toltrazuril^® treated), negative control and the normal control respectively.

Result: The results revealed C. verum oil to have an effect on the percent sporulation and oocysts damage. The oil also improved the FCR, lesion score, oocysts score, fecal score and serum biochemical parameters in the treated broilers. However, it had no significant positive effect on the hematological parameters like Hb, PCV and blood cells count, and the weight of internal organs in broilers. For most of the parameters, C. verum essential oil showed a dose-dependent effect.

Conclusion: In nutshell, C. verum essential oil possesses significant anticoccidial potential as demonstrated by the results of both the in-vitro and the in-vivo experiments. However, further studies are required for its validation and commercialization in the poultry sector. 

Methods: The first experiment started by planting pots in the plastic house, the pots arranged according to a Randomized Complete Design (RCD) layout with three replications. In each replication, ten seeds planted in the pots. The replications divided and arranged on 2 treatments, a control treatment taken in which seeds will be not inoculated with Azospirillum bacteria, the second treatment inoculated seeds with Azospirillum species which isolated from soil and culturing on its selective media then incubated at 28 ⁰C for 7 days, after that the colonies of bacteria activated in its broth culture media at 28 ⁰C for 3 days and it will be used as a liquid inoculum for the seeds. The second experiment the rearing of fish conducted at the Fish diseases Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine/ University of Sulaimani. 100 common carp (Cyprinus. carpio L.) reared for70 days.

Result: Negative control T1 was higher significantly in Hepatic somatic index, T1 and T3 in Gills somatic index. T4 increased significantly in FCR, and Intestine Length index. T3 and T5 increased growth performance parameters and Feed and Protein efficiency ratio. T1, T3, and T4 increased the Intestine weight index. T4 and T5 increased the RBC. T3, T4, and T5 increased the ALT, and Globulin. MCH, MCHC, Lymphocytes, and CKI increased significantly in T5. All treatment groups increased each of Condition factor, and Granulocytes as compared to negative control. No significant differences seen in both Kidney, Spleen somatic index, Hb.

Conclusion: According to the results obtained the inoculation of wheat with Azospirillum sp. bacteria enhance the common carp performance and health aspects by means of some biological parameters. 

Methods: Biolistic inoculation of plants with partially digested rolling circle amplified (RCA) viral components was demonstrated in this study. The verified DNA bands were excised from the gel and self-circularized using the rapid DNA ligation kit. The self-ligated viral DNA components were enriched by RCA and partially digested with the respective fast digest restriction enzymes. The RCA prep (partially digested 3 µg of virus and 3 µg of beta-satellite) was biolistically inoculated into healthy plants of Solanum lycopersicum, Nicotiana tabacum and Capsicum annum at the two-true leaf stage.

Results: By using this method, extracted begomoviruses from cotton [ (Cotton leaf curl Kokhran virus-Burewala strain (CLCuKοV-Bu), Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) and Chili leaf curl virus (ChiLCV) and their associated Cotton leaf curl Multan betasatellite (CLCuMB)] were successfully inoculated and propagated from the inoculation site. Furthermore, it has been noted that these viruses exhibit diverse behaviors in various host plants. The capacity of these viruses to infect systemically in C. annum without causing the typical disease symptoms is of interest.

Conclusion: Biolistic inoculation using partially digested RCA of viral or satellite DNA enables viruses to infect plants with either monopartite or bipartite genomes. This method is easy and quick, and allows begomovirus cultures to be created without the use of Agrobacterium tumefaciens or whiteflies. 

Methods: One hundred and fifty Carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) specimens were isolated and PCR amplification of organism specific bla-OXA-51gene was performed and antibiotic susceptibility was checked. Phenotypic susceptibility analysis was performed by Modified Hodge Test (MHT) and Imipenem-EDTA Double Disc Synergy Test (IMP-EDTA DDST). The carbapenemases and MBL producing genes were amplified by PCR.

Results: CRAB showed high resistance against piperacillin/tazobactam (99.3%), cefepime and ceftazidime (99.3% each), amikacin (91.3%), ciprofloxacin (96.7%) and levofloxacin (96.7%). Only one isolate showed resistance to colistin. The isolates positive for both MHT and DDST (n=70) were further characterized to detect metallo-β-lactamase genes. Molecular characterization revealed the presence of bla-OXA-51 gene in all tested isolates (100%) followed by bla-VIM 89%, bla-OXA-23 64%, respectively and so on. Few genes coexisted with each other including bla VIM, bla OXA 23, bla OXA 51 and bla NDM-1.  None of the isolate was found positive for bla-IMP gene.

Conclusion: It is concluded that CRAB isolates exhibited a high rate of resistance towards antimicrobials because of the presence of drug hydrolyzing enzymes, carbapenemases and MBLs. This is among the rare study reported recently indicating CRAB isolates co-harboring many resistant genes are very difficult to treat. There is a dire need to develop novel antibiotics against resistant A. baumannii to minimize its prevalence. Moreover, it is recommended that colistin treatment in the clinical settings should be continuously monitored in order to prevent the development of resistance. 

Methods: From 50 samples, 8 isolates in all were found and identified based on the VITEK, molecular, and sequencing of the 16SrRNA gene. The eight isolates represented Lactococcus cremoris. Streptococcus alactolyticus, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Streptococcus thoraltensis. The isolates were subjected to conventional PCR and electrophoresis to detect the 16SrRNA gene using specific primers , Streptococcal genes were used in the neighbor-joining phylogenetic analysis that determined these sequences were derived from Streptococcal genes.

Results: DNA sequencing evaluation Significant alignments (96-99% identities) to the Streptococci isolates found in BLAST-NCBI Gene-bank were discovered after sequencing the bacterial DNA products generated by PCR. The results revealed that 8/50 amplified the 16SrRNA gene, which has a molecular weight of about 1250 bp. the gene distribution was statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05).

Conclusion: Streptococcus isolates from mozzarella soft cheese by using molecular tools to first stop the spread of the epidemic of harmful microorganisms in food, it is represented a health risk for the consumers. 

Methods: We used a medium supplemented with cellulolytic and pectic substances for enzyme production.

Results: The results of the study proved that. Methionine, Glutamic acid, and leucine effectively enhanced mycelial growth. Findings regarding impact of pH level on the development of the fungus T. viride indicated that the maximum growth was at pH 5.0. However, growth decreased dramatically with increasing pH values. We examined the power of the fungus T. viride to produce cellulolytic and pectolytic enzymes in various substrates in the current study.

Conclusion: The findings demonstrated that Pectin was the best substrate for pectolytic enzyme synthesis, whereas Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) was the best substrate for the cellulolytic enzyme. 

Methods: In this study we performed virtual screening of 2296 phytochemicals library from MPD3 database against E6 protein.

Results: Three compounds were picked out as potential inhibitors. These compounds were selected  considering their binding energy and hydrogen bond interactions. Further to verify the stability of the docked complexes 100ns molecular dynamics simulations were carried out.

Conclusion: Keeping in view the numerous analyses, we suggest that the potential three compounds could prove relevancy regarding the anti-HPV therapeutic advancements.